International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT)
type: channel
description: The International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT), p-ISSN 2252-8776, e-ISSN 2722-2616, is a common platform for publishing quality research papers as well as other intellectual outputs. This journal is aimed at promoting the dissemination of scientific knowledge and technology in the information and communication technology areas in front of an international audience of the scientific community, to encourage the progress and innovation of technology for human life, and also to be the best platform for the proliferation of ideas and thoughts for all scientists, regardless of their locations or nationalities. The IJ-ICT covers all areas of informatics and communication technology (ICT) and focuses on integrating hardware and software solutions for storage, retrieval, sharing, manipulation management, analysis, visualization, interpretation, and their applications for human services programs and practices. It publishes refereed original research articles and technical notes. It is designed to serve researchers, developers, managers, strategic planners, graduate students, and others interested in state-of-the-art research activities in ICT. This journal is published by the Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science (IAES) in collaboration with Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama (IPMU). Now, this journal is accredited by the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. The journal was accepted for Scopus indexing on November 9, 2023, and it is now available on the Scopus source page, with coverage starting in 2023.
publisher: Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT)
issn: 2252-8776
items: Slot Loaded Capacitive fed Suspended RMSA with Meandered Ground Plane
items: Efficient Encryption Technique for H.264/AVC Videos Based on CABAC and Logistic Map
items: A Proposed DDS Enabled Model for Data Warehouses with Real Time Updates
items: Improve Security of Cloud Storage by Using Third Parity Authentication, One Time Password and Modified AES Encryption Algorithm
items: Face Recognition in the Scrambled Domain Using MK-RDA and ANN
items: Avoidance of Over Speed Through Intelligent Speed Breaking System
items: An Optimum Approach for Preprocessing of Web User Query
items: Notice of Retraction Digital Image Steganography Using Bit Flipping
items: Angular Symmetric Axis Constellation Model for Off-line Odia Handwritten Characters Recognition
items: Establishing a Soldier Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Communication for Military Operation Monitoring
items: Analysis of Quantization Noise and Power Estimation of Continuous-Time Delta Sigma Analog-to-Digital Converter Using Test Enable Feature For 4G Radios
items: Evaluation of Water Content in Milk Using Microwave Transmission Approach with Horn Antenna
items: Brain Tumor Detection Using Wathershed Segmentation Techniques and Area Calculation
items: Microstrip Antenna with Photographic Paper Substrate for WLAN
items: Smart Wheelchair: A Literature Review
items: An Integrated Cross Layer Design to Enhance the Quality of Service of Video Streaming in Mobile Adhoc Networks
items: Detection and Separation of Eeg Artifacts Using Wavelet Transform
items: Development of Algorithm for Preservation of Heritage Murals and Painting Using Image Processing
items: Addressing Latency Issues in 2D to 3D Conversion: Deploying Available Synthetic Database
items: Design of Compact Dual Band Circular Polarized Micro-strip Antenna for High Efficiency WLAN 802.11ax-2019
items: A Tour Towards the Various Knowledge Representation Techniques for Cognitive Hybrid Sentence Modeling and Analyzer
items: Intelligent Information System for Suspicious Human Activity Detection in Day and Night
items: A State of Art on Energy Efficient Multipath Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks
items: Review Paper on Different Dual Band Printed Slot Antenna for 5G Wireless Communication
items: Coplanar Waveguide Fed Circularly Polarized Notch Band Antenna with Defected Ground Structure
items: Improving the Network Life Time Based on Energy Efficient Routing in Ad Hoc Networks
items: New Image Compression Algorithm using Haar Wavelet Transform
items: Scrutinization of FOCDMA Code Families for Application in Optical Communication
items: Bounds on Codes Correcting Periodic Errors Blockwise
items: Detection & Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia

Slot Loaded Capacitive fed Suspended RMSA with Meandered Ground Plane
type: item
description: In this paper, variations in the Capacitive fed suspended RMSA configurations have been proposed. Initially, the reference antenna consists of rectangular patch of size of (35.5 X 45.6) mm2 and a small rectangular feed patch of size of (1.4 X 4) mm2 residing on the same substrate suspended above the ground plane. Coaxial probe is used to feed the small patch which in turn excites the radiator patch electromagnetically, yielding a large impedance bandwidth (BW) of 39%, with good gain and broadside radiation pattern. By, meandering the ground plane of reference antenna with three rectangular slots, the prototype antenna is fabricated and measurement has been carried out to validate the result for compact broadband response. Later, by loading a pair of rectangular slots in the radiating patch of the reference antenna in addition to the rectangular slots in the ground plane, the prototype antenna is fabricated and measurement has been carried out to validate the result for compact dual band response.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Coupled capacitive feed
  topic: keywords
subject: Dual band
  topic: keywords
subject: Electromagnetically
  topic: keywords
subject: Meandering slots
  topic: keywords
subject: Rectangular microstrip antenna (RMSA)
  topic: keywords
subject: Reference antenna (RA)
  topic: keywords
subject: Slot loaded
  topic: keywords
creator: Ravi M. Yadahalli
creator: Nandini M. Ammanagi
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Ravi M. Yadahalli, Nandini M. Ammanagi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 49
ending page: 56

Efficient Encryption Technique for H.264/AVC Videos Based on CABAC and Logistic Map
type: item
description: Nowadays, the demands of real-time video communication are increased rapidly. Search and rescue(SAR) applications like earthquake rescue, avalanche victims, wildfire monitoring in addition to highway surveillance are considered examples of real-time applications. In which, communication time is considered the most important metric to be optimized to ensure support for victims’ lives. Thus finding a simple and time efficient encryption technique for securing the transmitted data become mandatory. In this paper, we present an efficient encryption technique which has low computation complexity, low processing time and highly chaotic encrypted videos. The proposed technique is based on CABAC where the bin-string of Intra-Prediction Mode is encrypted with chaotic signals and the sign of MVD is toggled randomly. For residue coefficients the sign of the AC coefficients are flipped randomly and the first value of DC coefficients is encrypted by XORing the bin-string with random stream. All random streams are generated with chaotic systems using Logistic map. The experimental results shows that the proposed technique is highly effective for real-time application and robust against different types of attacks.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: CABAC
  topic: keywords
subject: Encryption technique
  topic: keywords
subject: Real-time application and robust
  topic: keywords
creator: Fatma K Tabash
creator: M. Izharuddin
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Fatma K Tabash, M. Izharuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 39
ending page: 48

A Proposed DDS Enabled Model for Data Warehouses with Real Time Updates
type: item
description: Data warehouse generally contains both types of data i.e. historical & current data from various data sources. Data warehouse in world of computing can be defined as system created for analysis and reporting of these both types of data. These analysis report is then used by an organization to make decisions which helps them in their growth. Construction of data warehouse appears to be simple, collection of data from data sources into one place (after extraction, transform and loading). But construction involves several issues such as inconsistent data, logic conflicts, user acceptance, cost, quality, security, stake holder’s contradictions, REST alignment etc. These issues need to be overcome otherwise will lead to unfortunate consequences affecting the organization growth. Proposed model tries to solve these issues such as REST alignment, stake holder’s contradiction etc. by involving experts of various domains such as technical, analytical, decision makers, management representatives etc. during initialization phase to better understand the requirements and mapping these requirements to data sources during design phase of data warehouse.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Deviation detection system (DDS)
  topic: keywords
subject: Etl
  topic: keywords
subject: Mapping engine
  topic: keywords
subject: Triggered update
  topic: keywords
creator: Munesh Chandra Trivedi
creator: Virendra Kumar Yadav
creator: Avadhesh Kumar Gupta
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Munesh Chandra Trivedi, Virendra Kumar Yadav, Avadhesh Kumar Gupta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 31
ending page: 38

Improve Security of Cloud Storage by Using Third Parity Authentication, One Time Password and Modified AES Encryption Algorithm
type: item
description: Cloud computing is a new term to provide application and hardware as service over the internet. Demand for cloud has increased dramatically in recent years. However, a major drawback for cloud adoption is lack of security so that we will try to solve some security issues related to cloud storage by design and implement a secure system to store privet data in cloud storage. This secure system provide secure login to cloud by using third parity authentication (smart phone) and one time password depend on chaotic system to prevent unauthorized people from get access to cloud and modified AES algorithms to encrypt the data in the cloud storage.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Cloud attacker
  topic: keywords
subject: Cloud security
  topic: keywords
subject: One time password
  topic: keywords
subject: Security of cloud storage
  topic: keywords
subject: Third parity
  topic: keywords
creator: Firas A. Abdulatif
creator: Maan Zuhiar
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Firas A. Abdulatif, Maan Zuhiar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 24
ending page: 30

Face Recognition in the Scrambled Domain Using MK-RDA and ANN
type: item
description: Facial look identity is a vital mission by means of human-interacting structures that goal to be aware of versions within the human’s emotional state. the principle challenge or the crucial part in surveillance society is the privacy-shielding era. because the rapid improvement in the internet international it turns into very essential to scramble the pics in the video or files for the duration of transmission. in this the biometric identity of photographs or faces from scrambled pictures plays a completely tough mission. Numbers of various technology are carried out to provide privateness for the duration of surveillance or during transmission of video however they're lack of essential traits, like reversibility or visible fine maintenance. in lots of scrambling methods the faces are covered by a few animation which may additionally or may not cover all faces or it receives hard to recover pics from this technique. Many guide method also are us used by which we will unscramble an photo but they are no longer powerful that a good deal. to overcome all this matters we proposed a novel approach- Many-Kernel Random Discriminate analysis (MK-RDA) to find out discriminative patterns from chaotic indicators. structures get better accuracy bring about best photos. To PIE and ORL datasets has getting above ninety% accuracy.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Face scrambling
  topic: keywords
subject: Facial biometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: Many manifolds
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobile biometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: Random discriminant analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Kavita Kadam
creator: C. R. Jadhav
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Kavita Kadam, C.R Jadhav https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 16
ending page: 23

Avoidance of Over Speed Through Intelligent Speed Breaking System
type: item
description: Accidents have become major issue in Developing countries like India now a day. As per the Surveys 60% of the accidents are happening due to over speed. Though the government has taken so many initiatives like Traffic Awareness & Driving Awareness Week etc.., but still the percentage of accidents are not getting reduced. In this paper a new technique has been introduced in order to reduce the percentage of accidents. The new technique is implemented using the concept of Intelligent Speed Braking System. The Intelligent Speed Braking systems can be implemented any where essential in order to avoid the accidents. The main objective of this system is to calculate the speed of the vehicle at three different locations based on the place where the vehicle speed has to be controlled and if the speed is greater than the designated speed in that road then it will automatically open up the speed breaker to control the speed of the vehicle. If the speed is less or equal to the designated speed in that road then the vehicle will be passed without any disturbance. This system though it won’t avoid 100% accidents at least it will reduce the percentage of accidents. This is system is not only to avoid accidents it will also intelligently controls the speed of the vehicles and creates awareness amongst the drivers.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Accidents
  topic: keywords
subject: Driving awareness
  topic: keywords
subject: Intelligent speed break
  topic: keywords
subject: Locations
  topic: keywords
subject: Traffic awareness
  topic: keywords
creator: M S Satyanarayana
creator: Aruna T M
creator: Divya G N
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 M S Satyanarayana, Aruna T M, Divya G N https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 13
ending page: 15

An Optimum Approach for Preprocessing of Web User Query
type: item
description: The emergence of the Web technology generated a massive amount of raw data by enabling Internet users to post their opinions, comments, and reviews on the web. To extract useful information from this raw data can be a very challenging task. Search engines play a critical role in these circumstances. User queries are becoming main issues for the search engines. Therefore a preprocessing operation is essential. In this paper, we present a framework for natural language preprocessing for efficient data retrieval and some of the required processing for effective retrieval such as elongated word handling, stop word removal, stemming, etc. This manuscript starts by building a manually annotated dataset and then takes the reader through the detailed steps of process. Experiments are conducted for special stages of this process to examine the accuracy of the system.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: NLP
  topic: keywords
subject: Stemming
  topic: keywords
subject: Stopwords
  topic: keywords
subject: Spelling correction
  topic: keywords
creator: Sunny Sharma
creator: Sunita
creator: Arjun Kumar
creator: Vijay Rana
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Sunny Sharma, Sunita Sunita, Arjun Kumar, Vijay Rana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 8
ending page: 12

Notice of Retraction Digital Image Steganography Using Bit Flipping
type: item
description: Notice of Retraction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IAES's Publication Principles. We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper. The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting info@iaesjournal.com. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- This article proposes bit flipping method to conceal secret data in the original image. Here a section consists of 2 pixels and there by flipping one or two LSBs of the pixels to hide secret information in it. It exists in 2 variants. The variant-1 and variant-2 both use 7th and 8th bit to conceal the secret data. Variant-1 hides 3 bits per a pair of pixels and the variant-2 hides 4 bits per a pair of pixels. Our proposed method notably raises the capacity as well as bits per pixel that can be hidden in the image compared to existing bit flipping method. The image steganographic parameters such as, peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), hiding capacity, and the quality index of the proposed techniques has been compared with the existing bit flipping technique.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
creator: Aditya Kumar Sahu
creator: Gandharba Swain
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Aditya Kumar Sahu, Gandharba Swain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 1
ending page: 7

Angular Symmetric Axis Constellation Model for Off-line Odia Handwritten Characters Recognition
type: item
description: Optical character recognition is one of the emerging research topics in the field of image processing, and it has extensive area of application in pattern recognition. Odia handwritten script is the most research concern area because it has eldest and most likable language in the state of odisha, India. Odia character is a usually handwritten, which was generally occupied by scanner into machine readable form. In this regard several recognition technique have been evolved for variance kind of languages but writing pattern of odia character is just like as curve appearance; Hence it is more difficult for recognition. In this article we have presented the novel approach for Odia character recognition based on the different angle based symmetric axis feature extraction technique which gives high accuracy of recognition pattern. This empirical model generates a unique angle based boundary points on every skeletonised character images. These points are interconnected with each other in order to extract row and column symmetry axis. We extracted feature matrix having mean distance of row, mean angle of row, mean distance of column and mean angle of column from centre of the image to midpoint of the symmetric axis respectively. The system uses a 10 fold validation to the random forest (RF) classifier and SVM for feature matrix. We have considered the standard database on 200 images having each of 47 Odia character and 10 Odia numeric for simulation. As we have noted outcome of simulation of SVM and RF yields 96.3% and 98.2% accuracy rate on NIT Rourkela Odia character database and 88.9% and 93.6% from ISI Kolkata Odia numerical database.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Optical character recognition feature vector
  topic: keywords
subject: Pattern recognition
  topic: keywords
subject: Random forest
  topic: keywords
subject: SVM
  topic: keywords
creator: Pyari Mohan Jena
creator: Soumya Ranjan Nayak
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Pyari Mohan Jena, Soumya Ranjan Nayak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 96
ending page: 104

Establishing a Soldier Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Communication for Military Operation Monitoring
type: item
description: The study investigates and develops components for implementing an effective and efficient military knowledge/information/communication in closed network architecture. Since military personnel are always on the move, the dissemination of knowledge/information/communication needs a mobile platform to accommodate mobility of people. The mobile and wireless network platform should be able to sustain the remoteness and seclusion of military operation areas. Communication is one of key problems of a military operation especially due to environmental constraints. This study proposes on establishing a future soldier communication device with mobile wireless sensor network (WSN) and mobile network to suit the infantry operations in the jungle. The operational areas are considered to restricted and challenging locations. Wireless sensor network (WSN) will become inexpensive and common over the next decade Thus, a thorough study is vital to develop the most suitable smart equipment and network requirements for Malaysia’s military eco-system. Finally, this study has successfully developed new smart device prototype using WSN approach for Military operation. In addition, this prototype can be used for Search and Rescue (SAR) operation. This prototype is able to transmit death and location status, movement location status, health monitoring and status to the base station.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Knowledge
  topic: keywords
subject: Military
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobile
  topic: keywords
subject: Prototype
  topic: keywords
subject: Wireless sensor network (WSN)
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohd Nazri Ismail
creator: Mohd ‘Afizi Shukran
creator: Mohd Rizal Mohd Isa
creator: Mohd Adib
creator: Omar Zakaria
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Mohd Nazri Ismail, Mohd ‘Afizi Shukran, Mohd Rizal Mohd Isa, Mohd Adib, Omar Zakaria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 89
ending page: 95

Analysis of Quantization Noise and Power Estimation of Continuous-Time Delta Sigma Analog-to-Digital Converter Using Test Enable Feature For 4G Radios
type: item
description: This paper presents a novel approach for completely test enable feature and low-voltage delta– sigma analog-to-digital (A/D) converters for cutting edge wireless applications. Oversampling feature of ADCs and DACs is enough to meet the requirement related to in-band and adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) execution of 3G/4G portable radio. The quantization noise which is not filtered in ADC is addressed. We have achieved work power-optimization and test enable feature of oversampling ADC is uses in design and simulation so that the problem of quantization error in continues time sigma delta ADC is solved. This paper suggests support to designer for selecting appropriate topologies with various channel arrangements, number of bits and oversampling issues. A test enable feature of CT A/D is presented introducing the test signal generation (TSG) and the COrdinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) for evaluating the performance of ADC. This helps in addressing the challenge of 4G and upcoming 5G wireless radio. System level plan of a delta–sigma modulator ADC for 4G radios is studied.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: 4G Radio of Wireless Receiver
  topic: keywords
subject: CORDIC
  topic: keywords
subject: CT DSM
  topic: keywords
subject: TSG
  topic: keywords
creator: Anil Kumar Sahu
creator: Vivek Kumar Chandra
creator: G R Sinha
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Anil Kumar Sahu, Vivek Kumar Chandra, G R Sinha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 82
ending page: 88

Evaluation of Water Content in Milk Using Microwave Transmission Approach with Horn Antenna
type: item
description: As the diary industries delivery the milk to consumer bottles in pouches the thickness of the milk is varied with each company. The microwave transmission line approach with horn antenna is introduced as an effective method for the assessment of milk for the first time with different frequency. The electrical permittivity is an intrinsic parameter of a material that can be used as an index of delivered water content. For the permittivity calculation, we use horn antenna transmitter and receiver in microwave frequency .The microwave travelled via the milk according to its thickness. A design of horn antenna and its minimum distance transmission length is followed to evaluate the thickness of milk. The dissipated power is calculated with the help of VSWR meter in decibel. The results are plotted with different microwave frequency with unique wave length with unique concentration of water with milk. Mat lab is used to plot the graph. The effects exhibit that the milk thickness makes the wave travel of microwave produces the decibel value changes at the output. The measurements demonstrate that the permittivity of milk increases with increased added water. A relationship between the added water content and the permittivity of milk -water mixture is established, which should be a powerful tool for detecting milk thickness.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Antenna
  topic: keywords
subject: Electrical permittivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Microwave transmission
  topic: keywords
creator: Ashok. Ja
creator: Kiran Patil
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Ashok. Ja, Kiran Patil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 77
ending page: 81

Brain Tumor Detection Using Wathershed Segmentation Techniques and Area Calculation
type: item
description: This paper primarily focuses on to employ a novel approach to classify the brain tumor and its area. The Tumor is an uncontrolled enlargement of tissues in any portion of the human body. Tumors are of several types and have some different characteristics. According to their characteristics some of them are avoidable and some are unavoidable. Brain tumor is serious and life threatening issues now days, because of today’s hectic lifestyle. Medical imaging play important role to diagnose brain tumor .In this study an automated system has been proposed to detect and calculate the area of tumor. For proposed system the experiment carried out with 150 T1 weighted MRI images. The edge based segmentation, watershed segmentation has applied for tumor, and watershed segmentation has used to extract abnormal cells from the normal cells to get the tumor identification of involved and noninvolved areas so that the radiologist differentiate the affected area. The experiment result shows tumor extraction and area of tumor find the weather it is benign and malignant.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Gardient magnitude
  topic: keywords
subject: MRI
  topic: keywords
subject: Sobel
  topic: keywords
subject: Watershed segmentation
  topic: keywords
creator: Meenakshi Pareek
creator: C.K Jha
creator: Saurabh Mukherjee
creator: Chandani Joshi
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Meenakshi Pareek, CK Jha, Saurabh Mukherjee, Chandani Joshi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 71
ending page: 76

Microstrip Antenna with Photographic Paper Substrate for WLAN
type: item
description: In this paper a compact, flexible, Multiband antenna is designed. It is having flexible Substrate of photographic paper which makes the antenna conformal. The antenna with two U slots cut in radiating patch is offset fed by microstrip lines gives the multiple bands of WLAN /WIMAX Application and two parasitic Elements improves the bandwidth of a typical microstrip antenna. The Measured results shows that the antenna resonates between Frequency band 2.10-2.95 GHz, 3.35-3.54 GHz and 5.04-6.0Hz.which are used for application such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, ISM 2.4GHz,WLAN WiMAX, and WLAN 5.2GHz.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Photographic paper
  topic: keywords
subject: Terms microstrip antenna
  topic: keywords
subject: WLAN
  topic: keywords
creator: D.S. Marotkar
creator: P.L Zade
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 D. S. Marotkar, P. L Zade https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 67
ending page: 70

Smart Wheelchair: A Literature Review
type: item
description: In today’s world there are many disabled persons who find it difficult to perform movements or perform daily activities. This types of persons are mainly dependent on others for their assistance. But they can become self-independent and perform some daily activities on their own with the help of assistive devices. The most widely used assistive devices are Wheelchairs. Wheelchairs is basically a chair fitted with wheels, which can help people move around who cannot walk because of illness, disability or injury. But there are many disabled people with weak limbs and joints who cannot move the wheelchair. Thus, Smart Wheelchair can benefit a lot to them and everyone in society. Smart Wheelchairs are electric powered wheelchairs with many extra components such as a computer and sensors which help the user or guardian accompanying wheelchair to handle it easily and efficiently. The recent development in the field of Artificial Intelligence, Sensor technologies and Robotics help the growth of wheelchairs with new features. This paper is to review the current state of art of Smart Wheelchairs and discuss the future research in this field.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Robotics
  topic: keywords
subject: Sensors
  topic: keywords
subject: Smart wheelchair
  topic: keywords
creator: Kedar Sukerkar
creator: Darshitkumar Suratwala
creator: Anil Saravade
creator: Jairaj Patil
creator: Rovina D’britto
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Kedar Sukerkar, Darshitkumar Suratwala, Anil Saravade, Jairaj Patil, Rovina D’britto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 63
ending page: 66

An Integrated Cross Layer Design to Enhance the Quality of Service of Video Streaming in Mobile Adhoc Networks
type: item
description: The intent of this paper is to put forth a novel technique for improvising the QoS of multimedia applications in by using Modified dynamic mapping algorithm and Multipath transport(MPT) and Multi Description Coding(MDC). The improvement is attained by applying the MDC at application layer along with UDPLite in transport layer and multipath at network layer and Modified dynamic mapping in MAC Layer.Thismethod attains an increase of 30.84% in Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and 18.57% decrease in delay in contrast to the conventional methods.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Delay
  topic: keywords
subject: Multipath transport
  topic: keywords
subject: Multiple description coding
  topic: keywords
subject: PSNR
  topic: keywords
subject: Wireless networks
  topic: keywords
creator: N. Gomathi
creator: M. Uvaneshwari
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 N. Gomathi, M. Uvaneshwari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 57
ending page: 62

Detection and Separation of Eeg Artifacts Using Wavelet Transform
type: item
description: Bio-medical signal processing is one of the most important techniques of multichannel sensor network and it has a substantial concentration in medical application. However, the real-time and recorded signals in multisensory instruments contains different and huge amount of noise, and great work has been completed in developing most favorable structures for estimating the signal source from the noisy signal in multichannel observations. Methods have been developed to obtain the optimal linear estimation of the output signal through the Wide-Sense-Stationary (WSS) process with the help of time-invariant filters. In this process, the input signal and the noise signal are assumed to achieve the linear output signal. During the process, the non-stationary signals arise in the bio-medical signal processing in addition to it there is no effective structure to deal with them. Wavelets transform has been proved to be the efficient tool for handling the non-stationary signals, but wavelet provide any possible way to approach multichannel signal processing. Based on the basic structure of linear estimation of non-stationary multichannel data and statistical models of spatial signal coherence acquire through the wavelet transform in multichannel estimation. The above methods can be used for Electroencephalography (EEG) signal denoising through the original signal and then implement the noise reduction technique to evaluate their performance such as SNR, MSE and computation time.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Electroencephalography
  topic: keywords
subject: Mean square error
  topic: keywords
subject: Signal to noise ratio
  topic: keywords
subject: Wavelet transform
  topic: keywords
creator: R. Suresh Kumar
creator: P. Manimegalai
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 R. Suresh Kumar, P. Manimegalai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 149
ending page: 156

Development of Algorithm for Preservation of Heritage Murals and Painting Using Image Processing
type: item
description: Image archiving and preservation finds extensive application in culture heritage murals. The study of cultural heritage is of the extreme importance at national and international levels. Not only global organizations like UNESCO but also museums, libraries, culture, temples and private initiatives are working in these directions. During the last three decades, researchers in the field of imaging discipline have started to contribute an increasing set of algorithms for cultural heritage; in that way providing indispensable support to these efforts. A better comparison of the different compression methods presented in this proposed work for culture Heritage mural images. Compression methods usually applied some method to reduce the number of components within each spectrum. The effectiveness of mural image archiving and preservation is analyzed based on 2-D wavelets filtering. The optimum algorithm is also found based on the results.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Culture Heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: Image Archiving
  topic: keywords
subject: Murals
  topic: keywords
creator: S. Lalithakumari
creator: Pandian R.
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 S. Lalithakumari, Pandian R https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 146
ending page: 148

Addressing Latency Issues in 2D to 3D Conversion: Deploying Available Synthetic Database
type: item
description: Conventional 2D to 3D rendering techniques involve a sequential process of grouping of the input images based on edge information and predictive algorithms to assign depth values to pixels with same hue. The iterative calculations and volume of data under scrutiny to assign ‘real-time’ values raise latency issues and cost considerations. For commercial consumption, where speed and accuracy define the viability of a product, there is a need to reorient the approach used in the present methodologies. In predictive methodologies one of the core interests is achieving the initial approximation as close to the ‘real’ value as possible. In this work, ‘synthetic’ database is used to provide the first approximation through comparison techniques and fed to the predictive tool. It is believed that this work will provide a basis for developing an efficient 2D to 3D conversion methodology.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: 3D graphical rendering
  topic: keywords
subject: 3D stereoscopic videos
  topic: keywords
subject: Depth perception
  topic: keywords
subject: Gaussian Mixture model
  topic: keywords
creator: N. L. Manasa
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 N. L. Manasa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 141
ending page: 145

Design of Compact Dual Band Circular Polarized Micro-strip Antenna for High Efficiency WLAN 802.11ax-2019
type: item
description: Design of antennas for the latest upcoming standards of WLANs is considered as a key challenge in the science of Mobile Communication Engineering. Micro strip antennas are supposed to have some quality features in mobile and wireless network systems. Their weight and size are reduced and they are capable of having low power capacity. All these interesting features enabled these type of antennas suitable for the communication of IEEE 802.11ax-2019 high speed WLANs. Shape of these antennas can be designed in an efficient manner to achieve required gain and bandwidth. In this paper the concept of circular polarization has been introduced along with compact design of antennas in order to achieve return loss and axial ratio of less than -10 dB and 3dB respectively. Antenna has been designed and simulated on CST MW studio software and usage of dual bands 2.4 and 5.2GHz having circular polarization is properly elucidated for 802.11ax-2019.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Axial ratio
  topic: keywords
subject: Circular Polarization
  topic: keywords
subject: Directivity
  topic: keywords
subject: Micro strip antennas
  topic: keywords
subject: Return loss
  topic: keywords
creator: Syed Muhammad Ali
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Syed Muhammad Ali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 135
ending page: 140

A Tour Towards the Various Knowledge Representation Techniques for Cognitive Hybrid Sentence Modeling and Analyzer
type: item
description: Knowledge Representation (KR) is a fascinating field across several areas of cognitive science and computer science. It is very hard to identify the requirement of a combination of many techniques and inference mechanism to achieve the accuracy for the problem domain. This research attempted to examine those techniques, and to apply them to implement a Cognitive Hybrid Sentence Modeling and Analyzer. The purpose of developing this system is to facilitate people who face the problem of using English language in daily life.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Hybrid Knowledge Representation (HKR)
  topic: keywords
subject: Knowledge Representation (KR)
  topic: keywords
subject: Ontology
  topic: keywords
subject: Semantic Net
  topic: keywords
creator: Poonam Tanwar
creator: T. V. Prasad
creator: Kamlesh Dutt
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Poonam Tanwar, T. V. Prasad, Kamlesh Dutt https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 124
ending page: 134

Intelligent Information System for Suspicious Human Activity Detection in Day and Night
type: item
description: The detection of human beings in a camera attracts more attention because of its wide range of applications such as abnormal event detection, person counting in a dense crowd, person identification, fall detection for care to elderly people, etc. Over the time, various techniques have evolved to enhance the visual information. This article presents a novel 3-D intelligent information system for identifying abnormal human activity using background subtraction, rectification, morphology, neural networks and depth estimation with a thermal camera and a pair of hand held Universal Serial Bus (USB) camera to visualize un-calibrated images. The proposed system detects strongest points using Speed-Up Robust Features (SURF). The Sum of Absolute Difference (SAD) algorithm match the strongest points detected by SURF. 3-D object model and image stitching from image sequences are carried out in the proposed work. A series of images captured from different cameras are stitched into a geometrically consistent mosaic either horizontally/vertically based on the image acquisition. 3-D image and depth estimation of un-calibrated stereo images are acquired using rectification and disparity. The background is separated from the scene using threshold approach. Features are extracted using morphological operators in order to get the skeleton. Junction points and end points of the skeleton image are obtained from the skeleton. Data set of abnormal human activity is created using supervised learning such as neural network with a thermal camera and a pair of webcam. The feature vector of an activity is compared with already created data set, if a match occurs the classifier detects abnormal human activity. Additionally the proposed algorithm performs depth estimation to measure real time distance of objects dynamically. The system use thermal camera, Intel computing stick, converter, video graphics array (VGA) to high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) and webcams. The proposed novel in…
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Abnormal activity
  topic: keywords
subject: End points
  topic: keywords
subject: Junction points
  topic: keywords
subject: Morphology
  topic: keywords
subject: Skeleton
  topic: keywords
creator: J L Mazher Iqbal
creator: S. Arun
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 J L Mazher Iqbal, S. Arun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 117
ending page: 123

A State of Art on Energy Efficient Multipath Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks
type: item
description: Wireless sensor network is the combination of sensor nodes where sensor nodes are distributed all over the network. There are some challenges that come into the wireless sensor network n context to energy efficiency, network lifetime, storage and battery backup. The most important feature of a routing protocol, in order to be efficient for WSNs, is the energy consumption and the extension of the network’s lifetime. In this paper, we have analyzed various routing techniques for WSN that increases the network lifetime and energy consumption.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Energy consumption
  topic: keywords
subject: Energy efficient routing protocols
  topic: keywords
subject: Network lifetime
  topic: keywords
subject: Wireless sensor network
  topic: keywords
creator: Swedika Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Swedika Sharma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 111
ending page: 116

Review Paper on Different Dual Band Printed Slot Antenna for 5G Wireless Communication
type: item
description: With advancement in communication technology over the past decade, there is an increasing demand for miniaturization, cost effective, multiband and wideband antennas. Dual band printed slot antenna designs can support in meeting these requirements. Various techniques, different shapes and geometries have been introduced for size reduction of dual band printed slot antennas. This paper is on various techniques for designing dual band printed slot antenna exhibits details of different geometries developed to get multiband behavior of printed slot antenna. In this paper geometry of the antenna and variousparameters such as return loss plot, gain plot, radiation pattern plot and VSWR plot are discussed. In this paper the review on various techniques of compactness by geometry on different shapes of printed slot antenna for 5G next generation wireless (NGW) mobile application are presented.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: 5G wireless communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Dual band printed slot antenna
  topic: keywords
subject: Next generation wireless
  topic: keywords
creator: Vibha Raj Nag
creator: Mrinal Sarvagya
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Vibha Raj Nag, Mrinal Sarvagya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 105
ending page: 110

Coplanar Waveguide Fed Circularly Polarized Notch Band Antenna with Defected Ground Structure
type: item
description: A compact printed wideband antenna with circular polarization is designed and the antenna parameters are analyzed in this work. Finite Element method based HFSS tool is used to design and simulate the antenna model. A basic structure of rectangular monopole is converted into a trapezoidal shape with tapered step ground. Different iterations of radiating element as well as defected ground structures are examined in this work to analyze the circular polarization characteristics of the antenna. A peak realized gain of 4.3dB and peak directivity of 3.8dB is attained from the current designed models. The design models are optimized and prototyped on FR4 substrate for measurement validation. By incorporating Split ring resonator (SRR) notch band characteristics are attained in the proposed wideband antenna.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Circular Polarization
  topic: keywords
subject: Defected Ground Structure
  topic: keywords
subject: Notch Band
  topic: keywords
subject: Split Ring Resonator
  topic: keywords
subject: Wideband Antenna
  topic: keywords
creator: P Poorna Priya
creator: Habibulla Khan
creator: B T P Madhav
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 P Poorna Priya, Habibulla Khan, B T P Madhav https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 58
ending page: 68

Improving the Network Life Time Based on Energy Efficient Routing in Ad Hoc Networks
type: item
description: The maximization of a networks lifetime is an important part of research in the present scenario. In ad hoc network, the topology of network changes frequently due to the mobility of mobile nodes where the communication is possible without any network infrastructure. Mobile nodes have limited energy resources so that the energy efficient routing should be provided which increases the life time of the network. The existing routing mechanisms do not consider energy of nodes for data transmission. In this paper a novel approach is analyzed to improve the networks lifetime where the data transfer is based on the minimum hop count and residual energy of the mobile nodes. The analysis is carried out by using the network simulator and the simulation results shows that the proposed work provides an energy efficient routing in ad hoc networks.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Adhoc networks
  topic: keywords
subject: Energy efficient routing
  topic: keywords
subject: Network life time
  topic: keywords
subject: Residual energy
  topic: keywords
creator: P. Parthiban
creator: G. Sundararaj
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 P. Parthiban, G. Sundararaj https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 49
ending page: 57

New Image Compression Algorithm using Haar Wavelet Transform
type: item
description: The compression is a process of Image Processing which interested to change the information representation in order to reduce the stockage capacity and transmission time. In this work we propose a new image compression algorithm based on Haar wavelets by introducing a compression coefficient that controls the compression levels. This method reduces the complexity in obtaining the desired level of compression from the original image only and without using intermediate levels.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Compression
  topic: keywords
subject: Haar wavelet
  topic: keywords
subject: Image processing
  topic: keywords
subject: Leve compression
  topic: keywords
creator: R. El Ayachi
creator: B. Bouikhalene
creator: M. Fakir
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 R. El Ayachi, B. Bouikhalene, M. Fakir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 43
ending page: 48

Scrutinization of FOCDMA Code Families for Application in Optical Communication
type: item
description: In code division multiple access (CDMA) code construction and analysis, the bit error rate due to multiple access interference is an important performance parameter which is overcome to some extent by generating almost orthogonal codes. Ideal orthogonal code families should have zero autocorrelation and no crosscorrelation. The building of fiber-optic CDMA (FOCDMA) is based on binary, unipolar spreading codes, which in turn requires considerably longer length of spreading codes in order to satisfy these constraints. Spreading an optical bit in wavelength, time and multiple fibers is observed to satisfy the constraints for accommodating sufficiently large number of users with a comparatively smaller spreading code length. Various optical code families of different dimensions have been proposed for FOCDMA. The performance of the code families varies under different conditions. In this research, some aspects of the performance issues have been considered.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: FOCDMA
  topic: keywords
subject: MAI
  topic: keywords
subject: Orthogonal codes
  topic: keywords
creator: C.S. Mishra
creator: M. Ravikumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 C.S. Mishra, M. Ravikumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 37
ending page: 42

Bounds on Codes Correcting Periodic Errors Blockwise
type: item
description: This paper presents a necessary and sufficient condition on the number of parity check digits required for the existence of codes correcting periodic errors of different orders in different blocks of a code. An example of such a code has also been provided.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Parity check matrix
  topic: keywords
subject: Syndromes
  topic: keywords
subject: Periodic/Alternate errors
  topic: keywords
subject: Blockwise-error-correcting- codes
  topic: keywords
creator: P. K Das
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 P. K. Das https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 51
ending page: 56

Detection & Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia
type: item
description: The term Arrhythmia refers to any change from the normal sequence in the electrical impulses. It is also treated as abnormal heart rhythms or irregular heartbeats. The rate of growth of Cardiac Arrhythmia disease is very high & its effects can be observed in any age group in society. Arrhythmia detection can be done in many ways but effective & simple method for detection & diagnosis of Cardiac Arrhythmia is by doing analysis of Electrocardiogram signals from ECG sensors. ECG signal can give us the detail information of heart activities, so we can use ECG signals to detect the rhythm & behaviour of heart beats resulting into detection & diagnosis of Cardiac Arrhythmia. In this paper new & improved methodology for early Detection & Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia has been proposed. In this paper ECG signals are captured using ECG sensors & this ECG signals are used & processed to get the required data regarding heart beats of the human being & then proposed methodology applies for Detection & Classification of Cardiac Arrhythmia. Detection of Cardiac Arrhythmia using ECG signals allows us for easy & reliable way with low cost solution to diagnose Arrhythmia in its prior early stage.
subject: Informatics & Computing
  topic: section
subject: Arrhythmia
  topic: keywords
subject: Electrocardiogram
  topic: keywords
creator: Chetan M. Jadhav
creator: V. K. Bairagi
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Chetan M. Jadhav, V. K. Bairagi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 31
ending page: 36